As you get older, you start thinking more about retirement distributions than contributions. One of the biggest questions that near-retirees have is, “What is the right age to start collecting Social Security benefits? Most take the benefits right away, but that isn’t always the right option. You can start collecting Social Security benefits any time between ages 62 and 70. Let’s take a look at how Social Security works, and what you need to know when deciding the right age for your retirement.
A financial advisor can help you optimize a plan for your retirement needs.
Social Security is meant to supplement your retirement income and ease financial concerns as you get older. It’s essentially a support system for America’s elderly, enabled by the 1935 Social Security Act. Most beneficiaries are retirees and their families. However, disabled individuals and survivors of workers who have died are also eligible to collect Social Security benefits.
Workers make Social Security contributions each month, which appear on your paycheck as Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. Upon retirement, you can begin to receive Social Security payments, which will continue throughout the rest of your life. How much you receive each month, however, depends on when you elect to begin taking benefits and whether you’ve reached full retirement age at that point.
Full retirement age is the age at which you become eligible to start receiving full retirement benefits. It was 65 for many years, but the Social Security Administration amended that rule in 1983 because of increases in average life expectancy.
Now, depending on the year you were born, you reach full retirement age sometime between 65 and 67. The full retirement age rises gradually from 1938 onward. Anyone born after 1960 reaches full retirement at 67. The Social Security Administration table below breaks down full retirement benefits for different age groups:
| Birth Year | Retirement Age |
| 1937 and before | 65 |
| 1938-1942 | 65+2 months for every year after 1937 |
| 1943-1954 | 66 |
| 1955 | 66 and 2 months |
| 1956 | 66 and 4 months |
| 1957 | 66 and 6 months |
| 1958 | 66 and 8 months |
| 1959 | 66 and 10 months |
| 1960 and later | 67 |
The right age for taking Social Security benefits depends on personal and financial factors, like your current cash needs, retirement plans, health and family history. Be sure you weigh the decision carefully and don’t hesitate to find a financial advisor to talk to if need be. The age you choose to start taking Social Security will affect the monthly amount you receive for the rest of your life.
You’ll receive reduced monthly benefits permanently if you start taking them before you reach full retirement age. And the reductions aren’t small. This breakdown summarizes how much you can lose (or gain) depending on when you get your retirement benefits:
For a fuller comparison, this table from the Social Security Administration shows how much you could get if you retire at age 62 based on your birth year:
| Birth Year | Full Retirement Age | Percentage Retirement Benefits Get Reduced at 62 | How Much a $1,000 Check Will Be Reduced at 62 |
| 1943-1954 | 66 | 25% | $750 |
| 1955 | 66 and 2 months | 25.83% | $741 |
| 1956 | 66 and 4 months | 26.67% | $733 |
| 1957 | 66 and 6 months | 27.5% | $725 |
| 1958 | 66 and 8 months | 28.33% | $716 |
| 1959 | 66 and 10 months | 29.17% | $708 |
| 1960 and later | 67 | 30% | $700 |
So, it’s almost always best to delay Social Security benefits for as long as you can. If you plan to work in retirement, you’ll definitely want to delay. You’ll face a penalty if you continue to work after you claim early retirement benefits and earn more than the yearly earnings limit, which for the 2023 tax year is $21,240. This means that the Social Security Administration will deduct $1 from benefits for every $2 that you earn over $18,960. For the 2024 tax year, the yearly earnings limit will be $22,320.
And, if you reached full retirement age in 2023, the Social Security Administration raised the earnings limit up to $56,520 ($59,520 in 2024). This means that you will lose $1 in benefits for every $3 you make over the limit. But once you hit full retirement age, there is no more limit on your earnings, so you will be able to continue working with full benefits.
However, it only makes sense to wait until you’re 70 to start receiving Social Security benefits if you expect to live until you’re at least 80. To wait that long, you’ll also need to have income or sufficient savings to live off of until you opt to start receiving benefits. If your health is poor or you don’t have the means to fund yourself, then 62 might be the right age for you to start taking benefits. Just be sure you budget for the reduced amount of benefits that you’ll receive.
Luckily, there is a way to determine the exact right age for you to start Social Security benefits. Your break-even age occurs when the value of your highest possible benefit (achieved by waiting until age 70) exceeds the value of your lower benefit (taken in early retirement). This calculates the financial return you’ll receive by waiting. If you think you’ll live well beyond that age, it may be worth the wait.
Keep in mind that those who start collecting benefits later will collect less and forgo potential interest earnings. But if you die before you hit the break-even point, the reduced benefits won’t matter. It’s essentially a game of hedging your bets. You want to take benefits when you can, but not before you need to.
When it comes to calculating the right age for starting to collect your Social Security benefits, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer. As a rule, it’s best to delay if you can. If you’re in good health and don’t need supplemental income, wait until age 70. But waiting gets a lot more complicated when you factor in your financial needs and health. Whatever you decide, be happy with it. You worked hard for your Social Security and, hopefully, made an informed decision about when to start taking it.
Photo credit: ©iStock.com/SeventyFour, ©iStock.com/SIphotography, ©iStock.com/CasarsaGuru
Liz SmithLiz Smith is a graduate of New York University and has been passionate about helping people make better financial decisions since her college days. Liz has been writing for SmartAsset for more than four years. Her areas of expertise include retirement, credit cards and savings. She also focuses on all money issues for millennials. Liz's articles have been featured across the web, including on AOL Finance, Business Insider and WNBC. The biggest personal finance mistake she sees people making: not contributing to retirement early in their careers.
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