English grammar PDF

Zero, first, second, third, mixed and inverted conditional sentences:

• If he studies hard, he'll pass the exams.
• If I had more time, I would help you.
• If he had met her, he would have told her.
• Were I in your position, I would accept it.

All passive forms compared to active forms:

• The car is repaired. The houses are being built.
• My laptop was broken. The road was being cleared.
• The parcel will be sent in time. The report has been finished.

Direct and indirect speech, reported questions, commands and requests:

• "Greg came yesterday." - Mary said that Greg had come the day before.
• "What time did it start?" - He wanted to know what time it had started.
• "Get up!" - He told me to get up.

Future time clauses:

• I'll do it when I come back home.
• While we are cutting the grass you'll pick the apples.

Defining and non-defining relative clauses:

• The man who called you has just arrived. This is the book that I wanted.
• My father, who is 65 now, still works. His car, which he bought last month, is broken.

Direct questions versus indirect questions:

• What did she want? Where was it?
• Can you tell me what she wanted? Do you remember where it was?

Question tags used after affirmative and negative sentences:

• Sue is your sister, isn't she? They didn't come, did they?
• Nobody will agree with it, will they?
• Derek hardly ever exercises, does he?

The first, second, third person and emphatic imperatives.

• Let me do it. Let him go.
• Open your books. Don't sit down.
• Do be quiet.

Gerunds, infinitives with 'to' and bare infinitives:

• We hope to come on time. They made me stand up.
• He admitted smashing the window. I stopped smoking.

English verbs with direct and indirect objects:

• They gave Harold a new car. They gave him a new car.
• They gave a new car to Harold. They gave it to him.

• Countable and uncountable nouns: a car, an idea - music, information.
• Singular and plural only nouns: physics, homework - jeans, steelworks.
• Group (collective) nouns: a squad of soldiers, a flight of birds.
• Compound nouns: post office, lighthouse, passer-by.
• Proper nouns: Harvard University, the University of Oxford, Spain, the Netherlands.

• All PDF exercises and grammar rules from this website.